Ivannikov SV Fracture

the most severe damage to the ankle and up 7% of all skeletal injuries 4. Results: Ankle previously regarded as a cylindrical helical hinge. Bending foot, as it were come unscrewed from the plug with simultaneous ankle supination her, and bringing a small rotation inside. When straightening foot, on the contrary, as if the plug is screwed into the joint, at the same time it is pronation, abduction and slight external rotation. It is known that the ankle is shaped like a truncated cone with the base directed toward the fibula. The imaginary axis of the cone is rotated by about 10 degrees relative to the proximal articular surface of the talus, and 25 degrees relative to the frontal plane. (Source: Ali Partovi). For practice, it is important that the imaginary axis of the ankle goes from the lower edge of the inner ankle to the lower edge of the outer ankle 1. Pylons fractures called fractures of the distal tibia metaepiphysis arising from the effects of axial forces of high-energy, which leads to position of the foot during the injury, the direction and magnitude of traumatic force.

Also, damage to the ankle depends on the direction of traumatic force which may be of 3 types: adduction, abduction, rotation. During supination external Ligamental structures are strained. With a gap of enhanced external adduction ligament tear or fracture podsindesmozny outer ankle, and the talus clicks the inner ankle, resulting in a fracture occurs and the vertical plane. If supinate stop the load is rotated outward, in addition to the external voltage lateral ligaments stretched anterior ligament syndesmosis. If the force continues its impact, then there is an oblique or spiral fracture nadsindesmozny chrezsindesmozny or outer ankle. Rotating astragalus may pull back a bunch of syndesmosis, breaking it, or removing a bone fragment posterior margin of the tibia.

Its destructive effect of the rotating talus fracture completes the inner ankle or torn deltoid ligament. When pronatsionnom position of the foot stretched internal structures. If there is a rigid abduction, can be torn deltoid ligament tear or inner ankle (with the horizontal fracture). Then continuing Violence breaks both syndesmosis ligament tears or bone fragments in them. Then the autopsy results in a fracture of the fibula at or above the syndesmosis. If at the initial position of the foot she pronatsionnom rotated laterally, there is a gap deltoid ligament or transverse fracture of the inner ankle. With the continuing rotation of the outer talus anterior ligament rupture occurs tibiofibular syndesmosis or separation of the bone attachment 2, 3. Conclusions: The mechanism of the pylon fractures depends on the direction of the damaging efforts and position of the foot at the time of injury. References 1. Oganesyan OV, Ivannikov SV, Korshunov AV Recovery form and function of the ankle joint hinge-distraction apparatus. – Moscow: BINOM. Laboratory knowledge. – Medicine. – 2003. – S. 12-13 2. Shabanov AN, Kay I., Sartan VA Atlas fractures ankle and their treatment. – M.: Medicine. – 1972. – S. 44-67. 3. Kao KF, Huang PJ, Chen YC, et al. Postero-medial-anterior approach of the ankle for the pilon fracture / / Injury. – 2000. – Vol. 31. – P. 71-74. 4. Topliss CJ, Jackson M., Atkins RM: Anatomy of pilon fractures of the distal tibia / / JBJS. – 2005. – Vol. 87 – P.692-697. Tekt article is copyrighted

Diet And Lunar Cycle

Our ancestors believed that the need to live in harmony with nature. (Not to be confused with Ingrid Ellen!). And now and then a diet based on the lunar cycle is so popular among the people. 2-3 days is enough to cleanse the body and lose weight. New moon day is suitable for early days of unloading and short-term diets. Andy Florance pursues this goal as well. At this time, the fluid moves from the cells in the tissue. Eve of full moon is also suitable for the diet. For more information see Erika Weinthall. Beware the moon during its growth – grows tempted to risk score overweight.

Remember! During this period, limit yourself to a meal. Quarter Unloading diet lasts 36 hours (beginning at 18 o'clock on the eve of the new moon, complete at 6 am every other day). From the menu, vegetables (cooked, raw, steamed), vegetable broths and soups. Calculate your diet so that the meals were every 2.5-3 hours, but in small portions. Once a day you can afford chicken broth.

Vegetable soups have diuretic properties and the availability of food fibers hinder the development of feelings of hunger, detoxify the body and supply it with minerals. Of course, for more effective weight loss is desirable to confine stock, look at their health and Remember that diet should not turn into torture. The result: a weight loss of 1-2 kg. Contraindicated. People with metabolic disorders (diabetes). Before using the lunar diet should consult a doctor. Full moon duration of the diet 24 hours: beginning on the eve of the full moon, the completion of a day. From the menu, only the fluid: mineral water, fresh juices of seasonal fruits and vegetables. As a result, one day you can lose 1-1.5 lbs. However, this diet requires the preparation and smooth transition. 3 days prior to your diet diet should consist primarily of raw and cooked vegetables. Similarly, in the next 2 days after a diet. During this period, a vegetable can be added to the menu fresh pineapple (it is a diuretic and prevents the absorption of fat in the intestines).

Clinical Biochemistry

Most of the known methods require the simulation of CP possession fine surgical technique and difficult to implement in small animals. At the Department of General and Clinical Biochemistry, number 1 have developed a method of modeling CPs based on the joint use of two destructive agents – Triton X-100 and ethanol. Introduction to the pancreas (RV) Triton X-100, depending on the dose leads to the development of acute pancreatitis of varying severity – from infiltrative to gangrenous. The pathological process in this case is allowed in terms of up to 1 month, or a defect in recovery or death. When injected into the pancreas of experimental animals Triton X-100 followed by drinking water solution of ethanol develops following the morphological picture. Macroscopically, the pancreas increased slightly in size, anemic, uniformly dense, elastic consistency.

In all parts of the gland is diffusely growing light gray fibrous connective tissue with preservation of image slices and hardening of the fibrous capsule. Diffuse proliferation of connective tissue leads to a gradual disruption trophic acini and two destructive agents (Triton X-100 and ethanol) can not play a pathological process in the pancreas, close to their morphological features a picture of HP, which can be used for detailed study of the pathogenesis of this diagnosis of pancreatitis. Of course, in the first place stands a urine test for amylase content. It should be noted that the degree of pancreatitis can not be placed only on the severity of pain. In most cases, it does not meet ravzitiya stage of the process. Pancreatitis